Ergonomic calorie-/frigorie-storage device

ABSTRACT

A device ( 100 ) for storing heat/cold, by transfer from a charge fluid, for re-use by transfer to a discharge fluid, comprising: an external rigid container ( 102 ) and a storage assembly ( 118 ) inside an internal rigid container ( 116 ) for calorie/frigorie storage; a cold external interface ( 104   1 ) on a wall ( 106 ) of the external container ( 102 ), communicating with a cold internal interface ( 110   1 ) on the storage module ( 108 ), for passage of cold fluids between the cold external interface ( 104   1 ) and the storage module ( 108 ); and a hot external interface ( 104   2 ) on a wall ( 106 ) of the external container ( 102 ), communicating with a hot internal interface ( 110   2 ) arranged on the storage module ( 108 ), for passage of hot fluids between the hot external interface ( 104   2 ) and the storage module ( 108 ), the cold and hot external interfaces ( 104   1   , 104   2 ) being on a single wall ( 106   1 ) or on adjacent walls ( 106 ) of the external container ( 102 ).

FIELD OF THE INVENTION

The present invention relates to a device for storage, and/or optionallytransport, of heat or cold, for the purpose of its subsequent reuse bytransfer to a fluid, on the same site or on a different site.

The field of the invention comes within the scope of transport ofenergy, and more particularly devices for storage and/or transport ofcalories/frigories, for the purpose of their subsequent reuse by thermaltransfer to a target fluid, such as a gaseous flow.

PRIOR ART

Devices are known which make it possible to store heat, in order toreuse it subsequently, optionally after transport to another site.

These devices comprise a material, with thermal inertia, which isdesigned to store heat in order then to restore it subsequently, more orless quickly. These devices comprise an opening for introduction of afluid into the device in order to carry out a thermal exchange betweenthe fluid and the material with thermal inertia, and an extractionopening in order to extract the fluid which is in said device after saidthermal exchange.

DISADVANTAGES OF THE PRIOR ART

The use of such devices is complex, requires substantial handling, andis not ergonomic. In addition, these devices are not strong, meaningthat they cannot be transported. Thus, they provide little flexibilityon the site of reuse of the stored heat, which must mostly be reused onthe site where it has been produced.

OBJECTIVES OF THE INVENTION

An objective of the present invention is to eliminate thesedisadvantages.

Another objective of the present invention is to propose a device forstorage of heat/cold with greater flexibility in space.

Another objective of the present invention is to propose a device forstorage of heat/cold which is stronger.

Another objective of the invention is to propose a device for storage ofheat/cold which is designed for storage on a semitrailer.

Another objective of the present invention is to propose a device forstorage of heat/cold which is simpler to use, requiring minimum handlingduring charge and discharge operations.

Another objective of the present invention is to propose a device forstorage of heat/cold which is more ergonomic.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

At least one of the aforementioned objectives is achieved by a devicefor storage of heat/cold by means of transfer from a fluid, known as acharge fluid, for subsequent reuse by means of transfer to a fluid,known as a discharge fluid, said device comprising:

-   -   an external rigid container forming the walls of said device;    -   a rigid storage module arranged inside said external container        and comprising an internal rigid container forming the walls of        said storage module, and a storage assembly arranged inside said        internal container designed for storage of the        calories/frigories;        -   a cold external interface arranged on a wall of the external            container and in communication with a cold internal            interface arranged on said storage module, said cold            interfaces ensuring the passage of the so-called cold fluids            between the cold external interface and the storage module;        -   a hot external interface arranged on a wall of the external            container and in communication with a hot internal interface            arranged on the storage module, said hot interfaces ensuring            the passage of the so-called hot fluids having a temperature            greater than the temperature of the so-called cold fluids,            between the hot external interface and the storage module;    -   said external interfaces being arranged on a single wall or on        two adjacent walls of said external container.

With the device according to the invention, the storage module whichcomprises a internal rigid container is rigid as a whole, and isintegrated in the external container. The device according to theinvention is thus strong, and can be transported with few or no risks ofdamage. The internal container can be made of steel, in particularstainless steel. The walls of the internal container can have athickness of between 2 mm and 8 mm, in particular equal to 6 mm. Theinternal container can have dimensions smaller than the dimensions ofthe external container. For example, the internal container can have awidth of between 140 cm and 240 cm, in particular equal to 220 cm, and aheight of between 140 cm and 240 cm, in particular equal to 220 cm. Theinternal container can have a length of between 300 cm and 500 cm, inparticular equal to 400 cm. In addition, the internal container can besecured on the external container by any securing means, such as bywelding, by screwing, by attachment straps, by a rail system, etc.

In addition, the external interfaces for passage of the fluid(s) to/fromthe storage module are provided on the external rigid containercomprising said rigid storage module, such that any ducts which conveythe charge fluid and the discharge fluid to and from the storage moduleare all in the interior of the external container. The internalinterfaces are arranged on the storage module, and are thus integratedin the external container. Consequently, the device according to theinvention is stronger, and can be more easily transported from one siteto the other with fewer risks of damage.

In addition, since the external interfaces are arranged on a single wallor on two adjacent walls of said external container, the connection ofthe device to an external source of fluid(s) is faster and easier.Furthermore, the device according to the invention can be installed inmore confined locations leaving access to only one or two faces of saiddevices, whilst guaranteeing access to the external interfaces, which isnot the case for the devices according to the prior art. Consequently,the device can be used on sites which have reduced accessibility,contrary to the devices according to the prior art.

Preferably, the external interfaces are arranged on a single wall of theexternal container, in particular on a lateral wall or on an upper wallof said external container. In this configuration, the use of the deviceaccording to the invention (for charging or discharging fluids) requiresintervention only on one wall of the external container, whilst reducingthe handling operations.

Alternatively, the external interfaces can be arranged on two adjacentwalls of the external container, in particular close to a ridge formedby said adjacent walls.

The temperature of the so-called cold fluid(s) passing through the coldexternal interface can be a temperature lower than 600° C., preferablylower than 200° C., whereas the temperature of the so-called hotfluid(s) passing via the hot external interface can be between 200° C.and 1000° C., whilst being higher than the temperature of the coldfluids.

According to an advantageous embodiment version of the device accordingto the invention, the cold and hot internal interfaces are spaced fromthe walls of the external container.

In particular, the cold internal interface can be arranged on a wall ofthe storage module which is spaced from the walls of the externalcontainer, such that there is thus a non-zero space between the wallcomprising said cold internal interface and the wall of the externalcontainer facing it. This space can in particular be an empty space, orit can be occupied by an insulator.

In particular, the hot internal interface can be arranged on a wall ofthe storage module which is spaced from the walls of the externalcontainer, such that there is a non-zero space between the wallcomprising said hot internal interface and the wall of the externalcontainer facing it. This space can be an empty space, or it can befilled by an insulator.

According to an advantageous version of the device according to theinvention, said internal interfaces can be arranged on two differentwalls of said storage module.

In particular, the internal interfaces can be arranged on two oppositewalls of the storage module. Thus, the charge and/or discharge fluidwhich is injected into the storage module passes through all of thestorage module, which increases the thermal transfer between the storagemodule and said fluid.

According to an embodiment of the device according to the invention, thehot internal interface can be situated in the vicinity of and facing thewall of the external container which receives the hot externalinterface.

In particular, the hot internal interface can be on a wall of thestorage module which is situated on the hot external interface side.This configuration makes it possible to ensure a short area of heatconnection, whilst avoiding the phenomena of loss, and optimizing thesize of the device according to the invention, since, in most cases, aswill be seen hereinafter, the hot ducts have dimensions larger thanthose of the cold ducts.

In this case, the cold internal interface can be on a wall of thestorage module opposite the wall of the external container comprisingthe external interfaces.

Preferably, the device according to the invention comprises at least onecold duct, connecting the cold external interface to the cold internalinterface, and at least one hot duct connecting the hot externalinterface to the hot internal interface, the cold and hot ducts beingarranged in the interior of the external rigid container.

The cold duct can be surrounded by a thermal insulator. The thermalinsulator makes it possible to reduce the thermal conduction from theexterior towards the charge and/or discharge fluid in the cold duct.

In the case when the cold internal interface is opposite the externalinterfaces, then the cold duct can be a duct which is elbowed in orderto permit the connection between the cold internal interface and thecold external interface.

According to a particular embodiment of the device according to theinvention, the cold duct can have a dimension, in particular a diameter,which is smaller than a dimension, in particular a diameter, of the hotduct. The dimension, in particular the diameter, of the cold duct, canbe between 200 mm and 400 mm, in particular equal to 300 mm. Thedimension, in particular the diameter, of the hot duct, can be between400 mm and 700 mm, in particular equal to 500 mm.

The arrangement of the cold and hot ducts in the interior of theexternal rigid container provides the device according to the inventionwith an ergonomic and mobile nature which is optimal. In fact, since theassembly of the structural elements involved in the functioning of thecharge and discharge operations is contained in the interior of theexternal container, the use of the device for carrying out these chargeand discharge operations requires only connection of appropriate ductson the hot and cold external interfaces which are arranged in thevicinity on the external container.

Advantageously, the storage module is arranged spaced from at least onewall of the external rigid container, forming at least one space betweenthe storage module and said wall, in order to permit the passage of thecold and/or hot ducts. By way of example, the storage module can besupported on the lower wall of the external container, and can bearranged spaced from at least one other wall, in particular a lateralwall, of said external container, such that there is a space between thestorage module and said wall. The cold duct can thus be arranged in thisspace. For this purpose, the duct can have a rectangular cross section,which permits an optimized arrangement of said duct in the space betweenthe storage module and said wall.

The distance between the storage module and said at least one other wallof the external container can be between 200 mm and 1200 mm.

According to a version of the device according to the invention, theinternal interfaces can be spaced from the walls of the externalcontainer, the storage module being contiguous to a single lateral wallof said external container.

In particular, the space between the storage module and at least onewall of the external container can be empty or occupied by a flexiblethermal insulator.

According to a preferred mode of the invention, the storage module isarranged against the lower wall of the external rigid container, andagainst a longitudinal wall of said container, the cold and hot externalinterfaces are arranged on a single lateral wall of said externalcontainer, the cold and hot internal interfaces are arranged on twoopposite walls of the storage module, and the hot internal interface issituated in the vicinity of and facing the hot external interface. Inthis configuration, as previously stated, the cold duct is arranged inthe space between the storage module and the longitudinal wall of theexternal container which is situated spaced from said storage module.

According to a particularly advantageous embodiment of the deviceaccording to the invention, the external rigid container is a freightcontainer which can be mounted on, and transported by, a semitrailer,and the cold and hot external interfaces are arranged on a singlelateral wall of said external container.

In this configuration, the cold and hot external interfaces can bearranged on the lateral wall of the container which is situated at therear relative to the direction of advance when the container is mountedon the semitrailer. The connection of the cold and hot externalinterfaces for the purpose of charge and/or discharge operations canthus be carried out by simple reversing performed by the semitrailer.

In addition, as is known in the field of freight containers, in thisconfiguration, the external rigid container can comprise a door foraccess to the interior of said container, which door is arranged on thelateral wall opposite the lateral wall which receives the cold and hotexternal interfaces. Thus, when the container is mounted on thesemitrailer, said access door is situated on the cab side of thesemitrailer.

Advantageously, the device according to the invention can comprise:

-   -   at least one valve arranged between the cold external interface        and the cold internal interface; and/or    -   at least one valve arranged between the hot external interface        and the hot internal interface;        designed to permit or prevent the passage of the fluid(s)        from/to the storage module.

It is thus possible to insulate the storage module, for example duringits transport.

In particular, the device can comprise a valve arranged on the cold ductand a valve arranged on the hot duct.

In particular, the device according to the invention can comprise atleast one temperature sensor and/or at least one pressure sensor, whichare designed to measure the temperature and/the pressure of the chargeand/or discharge fluid.

Advantageously, a temperature sensor and/or a pressure sensor can beprovided on the cold duct, and a temperature sensor and/or a pressuresensor can also be provided on the hot duct.

Alternatively, or in addition, at least one temperature sensor and/or atleast one pressure sensor can be provided on/in the storage module,designed to measure the temperature and the pressure in the interior ofthe storage module.

According to an advantageous embodiment, the device according to theinvention can comprise a means for control of the valves according tothe data measured by the temperature and/or pressure sensors.

For example, the control means can close a valve if the temperature inthe cold duct is greater than a first temperature threshold, inparticular lower than 600° C., preferably lower than 200° C. Similarly,the control means can close a valve if the temperature in the hot ductis greater than a second temperature threshold, in particular between200 and 1000° C.

According to a preferred version of the device according to theinvention, the storage module can comprise:

-   -   a rigid insulating layer disposed between said internal        container and said storage assembly; and    -   a flexible insulating layer disposed between said rigid        insulating layer and said internal container.

The storage assembly can be an assembly of pieces made of material withthermal inertia, for example balls, cylinders, Raschig rings and/orgranulates made of material with thermal inertia.

The storage assembly can have a length of between 100 cm and 500 cm, inparticular between 250 cm and 350 cm.

The rigid insulating layer can be made with rigid bricks, i.e. byassembly of rigid bricks.

The rigid insulating layer can have a thickness of between 100 mm and150 mm, in particular equal to 114 mm.

The flexible insulating layer can comprise at least one wall made ofcalcium silicate.

The flexible insulating layer can have a thickness of between 100 mm and150 mm, in particular equal to 115 mm.

In addition, the storage module can comprise:

-   -   a grid, known as a cold grid, arranged between the cold internal        interface and the storage assembly; and/or    -   a grid, known as a hot grid, arranged between the hot internal        interface and the storage assembly;        designed to retain the storage assembly.

Said grids can be secured on the internal container removably ordetachably, for example by screwing, or permanently, for example bywelding.

Advantageously, the storage module can comprise:

-   -   at least one diffuser, known as a cold diffuser, which is        arranged between the cold internal interface and the storage        assembly, and is designed for the dispersion of fluid from the        cold internal interface to the storage assembly, and/or the        convergence of fluid from the storage assembly to said cold        internal interface; and/or    -   at least one diffuser, known as a hot diffuser, which is        arranged between the hot internal interface and the storage        assembly, and is designed for the dispersion of fluid from the        hot internal interface to the storage assembly, and/or the        convergence of fluid from the storage assembly to said hot        internal interface.

The cross section of the cold diffuser of the cold internal interfaceside can be smaller than the cross section of said cold diffuser of thestorage assembly side.

Similarly, the cross section of the hot diffuser of the hot internalinterface side can be smaller than the cross section of said hotdiffuser of the storage assembly side.

Preferably, the cross section of said diffusers of the storage assemblyside can have the same height and width as the storage assembly.

The cross section of the cold and respectively hot diffusers of the coldand respectively hot internal interface sides can have the samedimensions as the cold and respectively hot ducts.

In particular, the cold grid can be arranged between the cold diffuserand the storage assembly.

The hot grid can be arranged between the hot diffuser and the storageassembly.

In particular, the internal container can comprise an opening in itsupper wall, in order to permit access to the storage assembly.

Said opening can be arranged along the entire length of the storageassembly in order to permit filling, emptying, or any maintenanceoperation in the storage assembly.

The external container for its part can comprise an opening arranged inits upper wall at the storage module, in order to permit access to thestorage assembly.

Said opening can be a trap door, in order to allow access by an operatorto the storage module, or to the hot and cold ducts for the purpose ofmaintenance or any other intervention operation in the externalcontainer.

In addition, the device according to the invention can comprise at leastone diameter reducer which is designed to connect the cold internalinterface and respectively the hot internal interface to the cold ductand respectively the hot duct.

PRESENTATION OF THE FIGURES

Other advantages and characteristics will become apparent from examiningthe detailed description of exemplary embodiments which are in no waylimiting, and the appended drawings in which:

FIG. 1 is a schematic representation of a view in elevation and in crosssection of a first example of the device according to the invention; and

FIG. 2 is a schematic representation of a view from the side in crosssection of the first example of the device according to the invention.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

It is understood that the embodiments which will be describedhereinafter are in no way limiting. In particular, it is possible toconceive of variants of the invention which comprise only a selection ofcharacteristics described hereinafter, isolated from the othercharacteristics described, if this selection of characteristics issufficient to provide a technical advantage, or to differentiate theinvention from the prior art. This selection comprises at least onecharacteristic which is preferably functional without structural detail,or with only part of the structural details, if this part alone issufficient to provide a technical advantage or to differentiate theinvention from the prior art.

With reference to FIG. 1, the device 100 according to the inventioncomprises a container 102, known as the external container, comprisingan interface 104 ₁, known as the cold external interface, which isdesigned for the passage of a charge and/or discharge fluid forcalories/frigories. The external container 102 comprises an interface104 ₂, known as the hot external interface, which is designed for thepassage of said fluids to a temperature greater than the temperature ofsaid fluids at the cold external interface 104 ₁.

The external interfaces 104 are arranged on a single lateral wall 106 ₁of the external container 102, situated opposite the lateral wall 106 ₃in which a door 101 is provided for access to the interior of thecontainer 102, which access door 101 is designed to be situated on thedriver's cab side, when the container 102 is a freight container whichcan be mounted on a semitrailer.

The device 100 additionally comprises a storage module 108 which isarranged in said external container 102, contiguous to a lateral wall106 ₂ of said external container 102, and spaced from the other lateralwalls 106 ₁, 106 ₃ and 106 ₄ such as to form a space between these wallsand the storage module 108. This space can be empty or filled with athermal insulator.

The storage module 108 comprises an interface 110 ₁, known as the coldinternal interface, which is connected to the cold external interface104 ₁ by a duct 112 ₁, known as the cold duct, and an interface 110 ₂,known as the hot internal interface, which is connected to the hotexternal interface 104 ₂ by a duct 112 ₂, known as the hot duct.

The hot duct 112 ₂ has a diameter larger than the diameter of the coldduct 112 ₁. In fact, the fluid(s) passing through the hot duct 112 ₂has/have a temperature greater than the temperature of the fluid(s)passing through the cold duct 112 ₁, and the volume of the fluid(s)passing through the hot duct 112 ₂ is therefore greater than that of thefluid(s) passing through the cold duct 112 ₁.

The hot internal interface 110 ₂ is arranged adjacent to the wall 106 ₁,whereas the cold internal interface 110 ₁ is arranged adjacent to thewall 106 ₃ opposite the wall 106 ₁ comprising the external interfaces104.

In addition, the cold duct 112 ₁ is a duct which is elbowed in order toconnect the cold internal interface 110 ₁ to the cold external interface104 ₁. The cold duct 112 ₁ is disposed in the space formed between thestorage module 108 and the walls 106 ₃ and 106 ₄. This space also makesit possible to form a technical sheath.

The storage module 108 also comprises a container 116, known as aninternal container, which is made of steel for example, and comprisesthe internal interfaces 110. More specifically, the hot internalinterface 110 ₂ is arranged on a lateral wall 116 ₁ of the internalcontainer 116 which is adjacent to the wall 106 ₁ of the externalcontainer 102, whereas the cold internal interface 110 ₁ is arranged onan opposite lateral wall 116 ₃ of the internal container 116 which isadjacent to the wall 106 ₃ of the external container 102 opposite thewall 106 ₁ comprising the external interfaces 104.

The internal container 116 can be secured on the external container 102at its lower walls and one of its longitudinal walls by any securingmeans such as welding, screwing, etc. Securing of the internal container116 on a longitudinal wall of the external container 102 is preferredbecause of the more suitable structural arrangements of the longitudinalwalls of the external container 102.

The internal container 116 can have a length equal to 420 cm, a widthequal to 220 cm, and a height equal to 220 cm. The thickness of thewalls of the internal container 116 can be equal to 6 mm.

The internal container 116 surrounds a storage assembly 118 which can bean assembly of balls or cylinders made of material with thermal inertia.

The storage assembly 118 can have a length equal to 325 cm, a widthequal to 170 cm and a height equal to 170 cm.

The storage module 108 also comprises a diffuser 120 ₁, known as a colddiffuser, arranged between the cold internal interface 110 ₁ and thestorage assembly 118, which diffuser is designed for the dispersionand/or convergence of fluid(s) from/to the cold internal interface 110 ₁to/from the storage assembly 118.

The storage module 108 also comprises a diffuser 120 ₂, known as a hotdiffuser, arranged between the hot internal interface 110 ₂ and thestorage assembly 118, which diffuser is designed for the dispersionand/or convergence of fluid(s) from/to the hot internal interface 110 ₂to/from the storage assembly 118.

The cross sections of the diffusers 120 of the storage assembly 118 sideare identical to the cross section of the storage assembly 118.

The cross section of the hot diffuser 120 ₂ of the hot internalinterface 110 ₂ side has dimensions close to the dimensions of the hotduct 112 ₂. Similarly, the cross section of the cold diffuser 120 ₁ ofthe cold internal interface 110 ₁ side has dimensions close to thedimensions of the cold duct 112 ₁.

In addition, the storage module 108 can comprise a rigid insulatinglayer and/or a flexible insulating layer, not represented in FIG. 1,arranged between the storage assembly 118 and the internal container116.

The device 100 comprises two valves 122 ₁-122 ₂ arranged respectively onthe cold duct 112 ₁ and the hot duct 112 ₂.

The device 100 also comprises a pressure sensor 124 ₁ and a temperaturesensor 126 ₁ arranged on the cold duct 112 ₁, in order to measure thepressure and the temperature of the fluids in the cold duct 112 ₁.

The device 100 also comprises a pressure sensor 124 ₂ and a temperaturesensor 126 ₂ arranged on the hot duct 112 ₂, in order to measure thepressure and the temperature of the fluids in the hot duct 112 ₂.

FIG. 2 is a schematic representation of a side view in cross section ofthe first example of the device according to the invention.

The device 100 comprises a trapdoor 128 provided in the upper wall 106 ₅of the external container 102, in order to permit access to the storagemodule 108 and/or to the ducts 112, for the purpose of a maintenanceoperation. In addition, the internal container 116 comprises an openingprovided in its upper wall 116 ₅ in order to permit access, from theexterior of the external container 102, to the storage assembly 118, inorder to fill or empty the storage assembly 118, or for a maintenanceintervention in the storage assembly 118.

In order to store calories in the device 100, the charge fluid with atemperature of between 200 and 1000° C. is injected in the storagemodule 108 through the hot external interface 104 ₂. The hot diffuser120 ₂ disperses the charge fluid in the storage assembly 118, whichpermits the transfer of the calories from the charge fluid to thestorage assembly 118. By passing through the storage assembly 118, thecharge fluid is cooled, and reaches a temperature lower than 600° C.,preferably lower than 200° C. The charge fluid is then channeled throughthe cold diffuser 120 ₁ to the cold internal interface 110 ₁. The chargefluid is finally discharged to the cold external interface 104 ₁ throughthe cold duct 112 ₁.

The device 100 can be transported, thanks to the external rigidcontainer 102 and internal rigid container 116, to a site other thanthat used for the storage of calories. As previously indicated, thedevice can be transported by a semitrailer when the external container102 is a freight container.

On the other hand, in order to reuse the calories stored in the device100, a discharge fluid is injected in the cold external interface 104 ₁at a temperature lower than 200° C. The discharge fluid passes throughthe cold duct 112 ₁ and is introduced into the storage module 108through the cold internal interface 110 ₁. The cold diffuser 120 ₁disperses the discharge fluid in the storage assembly 118 whichtransfers the calories, previously stored, to the discharge fluid, whichreaches a temperature of between 200 and 1000° C. The discharge fluid isthen channeled through the hot diffuser 120 ₂ to the hot internalinterface 110 ₂. The discharge fluid is finally discharged to the hotexternal interface 104 ₂ through the hot duct 112 ₂.

The device 100 can additionally comprise a means, not represented inFIGS. 1 and 2, for controlling the valves 122 according to thetemperature and pressure measured by the sensors 124 and 126.

For example, the control means can close the valve 122 ₁ if thetemperature in the cold duct 112 ₁ is greater than 200° C., or close thevalve 122 ₂ if the temperature in the hot duct 112 ₂ is greater than1000° C., or less than 200° C.

It will be appreciated that the invention is not limited to the exampleswhich have just been described, and many adjustments can be made tothese examples without departing from the context of the invention.

1. A device for storage of heat/cold by transfer from a fluid, known asa charge fluid, for subsequent reuse by transfer to a fluid, known as adischarge fluid, the device comprising: a rigid external containerforming walls of the device; a rigid storage module arranged inside theexternal container and comprising a rigid internal container formingwalls of the storage module, and a storage assembly arranged inside theinternal container designed for storage of the calories/frigories; acold external interface arranged on one of the walls of the externalcontainer and in communication with a cold internal interface arrangedon the storage module, the cold external and internal interfacesensuring the passage of so-called cold fluids between the cold externalinterface and the storage module; a hot external interface arranged onone of the walls of the external container and in communication with ahot internal interface arranged on the storage module, the hot externaland internal interfaces ensuring the passage of so-called hot fluidshaving a temperature greater than a temperature of the so-called coldfluids, between the hot external interface and the storage module; thehot and cold external interfaces being arranged on a single wall or ontwo adjacent walls among the walls of the external container.
 2. Thedevice as claimed in claim 1, wherein the cold and hot externalinterfaces are arranged on a single wall of the external container. 3.The device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the cold and hot internalinterfaces are spaced from the walls of the external container.
 4. Thedevice as claimed in claim 1, wherein the cold and hot internalinterfaces are arranged on two different walls among the walk of thestorage module.
 5. The device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the hotinternal interface is situated in the vicinity of and facing the wallwhich receives the hot external interface.
 6. The device as claimed inclaim 1, further comprising at least one cold duct, connecting the coldexternal interface to the cold internal interface, and at least one hotduct connecting the hot external interface to the hot internalinterface, and in that the cold and hot ducts are arranged in aninterior of the rigid external container.
 7. The device as claimed inclaim 6, wherein the cold duct has a dimension which is smaller than adimension of the hot duct.
 8. The device as claimed in claim 6, whereinthe storage module is arranged spaced from at least one of the walls ofthe external rigid container, forming at least one space between thestorage module and the at least one wall, in order to permit the passageof the cold and/or hot ducts.
 9. The device as claimed in claim 8,wherein the storage module is arranged against the lower wall of therigid external container, and against a longitudinal wall the externalcontainer, the cold and hot external interfaces are arranged on a singlelateral wall of the external container, the cold and hot internalinterfaces are arranged on two opposite walls of the storage module, andthe hot internal interface is situated in a vicinity of and facing thehot external interface.
 10. The device as claimed in claim 1, whereinthe rigid external container is a freight container which can be mountedon, and transported by, a semitrailer, and the cold and hot externalinterfaces are arranged on a single lateral wall of the externalcontainer.
 11. The device as claimed in claim 10, wherein the rigidexternal container comprises a door for access to an interior of theexternal container, the door being arranged on the lateral wall oppositethe lateral wall which receives the cold and hot external interfaces.12. The device as claimed in claim 1, further comprising: at least onevalve arranged between the cold external interface and the cold internalinterface; and/or at least one valve arranged between the hot externalinterface and the hot internal interface; the valve(s) being designed topermit or prevent the passage of the fluid(s) from/to the storagemodule.
 13. The device as claimed in claim 1, further comprising atleast one temperature sensor and/or at least one pressure sensor, thetemperature and/or pressure sensor(s) being designed to measure atemperature and/or a pressure of the charge and/or discharge fluid. 14.The device as claimed in claim 13, further comprising means for controlof the valves according to data measured by the temperature and/orpressure sensor(s).
 15. The device as claimed in claim 1, wherein thestorage module comprises: a rigid insulating layer disposed between theinternal container and the storage assembly; and a flexible insulatinglayer disposed between the rigid insulating layer and internalcontainer.
 16. The device as claimed in claim 15, wherein the storagemodule comprises: at least one diffuser, called cold diffuser, which isarranged between the cold internal interface and the storage assembly,and which is designed for dispersion of fluid from the cold internalinterface to the storage assembly, and/or convergence of fluid from thestorage assembly to the cold internal interface; and/or at least onediffuser, called hot diffuser, which is arranged between the hotinternal interface and the storage assembly, and which is designed fordispersion of fluid from the hot internal interface to the storageassembly, and/or convergence of fluid from the storage assembly to thehot internal interface.
 17. The device as claimed in claim 14, whereinan opening is arranged in an upper wall of the internal container, andanother opening is arranged in an upper wall of the external containerat the storage module, in order to permit access to the storageassembly.
 18. The device as claimed in claim 7, wherein a diameter ofthe cold duct is smaller than a diameter of the hot duct.
 19. The deviceas claimed in claim 1, further comprising at least one insulating layerarranged between the storage assembly and the rigid internal container.20. The device as claimed in claim 19, wherein the at least oneinsulating layer is at least one selected from the group consisting of:a rigid insulating layer disposed between the internal container and thestorage assembly; and a flexible insulating layer disposed between therigid insulating layer and the internal container.